Computing the Sign of Discrete Distance Fields

Determining whether a point in space is inside/outside of a given shape depends entirely on the shape’s topological properties. Shapes with holes and/or self-intersections do not have a mathematically guaranteed interior and exterior (by Jordan’s curve theorem). However, with sufficiently fine voxel outline of a given polygonal mesh, we can enclose the approximate interior and flood-fill the remaining voxels to achieve sign computation of our distancie field.

Octree for Voxel Outlines of a Triangular Mesh

The advantage of octrees is that they can subdivide the surrounding space into self-similar cells. Starting with a bounding cube we can then produce cells that can be thought of as a subset of a regular grid.